What the heck does that do?

[Mimic4]

Some curious looking things i'm having a lot of trouble identifying. Help out if you can. Would appreciate it :)

First picture is something hanging out of the steering column.

Second picture is under the drivers seat panel. The red circle tube is filled with carbon. You can see my finger smudge when I went to feel around.
The other two circles I have no idea. Maybe air intake and something else.

[dfnder]

First pic yellow, green are air filter system, there is a break/gap so water doesn't get sucked into the engine. Red, unsure, looks like a wire passthrough point - mane someone else can comment.

Second pic is the inside cabin temp sensor, I think your readout will be -E as mine is missing as well :)

[mararmeisto]

First answer is mostly right.

Red circle is where the air enters the 'plenium' from forward of the front wheel. Because the air filter is behind the wheel, and the place to get cool fresh air is from out front of the vehicle, the air is piped there. The green circle is where the air enters the air filter. If you follow that second pipe, it goes down to the bottom-side of the air filter. The output of the air filter (ie where it goes on to the turbo and then intercooler and then into the engine) is the pipe on top of the air filter.

The gap between the red circle and the green circle is so that heavy particulate (read: sand and dust) can fall out of the air by the drop in air pressure (the pressure will be higher in the pipes due to their constrictive nature compared to the open cavity of the air box), thereby leaving less crud in the air the filter will have to deal with.

Due to the inflow of air from the front of the vehicle, the air coming up from underneath the vehicle into this space has to compete.

It's a simple, but elegant solution.

Finally, because that inlet pipe to the air filter is nearly three feet off the ground, it lends for good fording capabilities. Slowly, otherwise the water could still splash into the inlet. When a snorkel is added, the snorkel end is attached to the green circle (through a hole in the side panel, a hole you have to drill out with a hole saw), sealed with water sealant (sikaflex or the like), thereby raising the inlet end of the pipe to the height of the roof. Some have found the addition of a snorkel to be beneficial to increasing the amount of air into the engine, providing a bit of a ram-effect.

And yes, the wires underneath the steering column are for the interior temperature sensor that you no longer have. It's held in place very poorly (with either little plastic tabs or double-sided tape) and tends to get to dangling and then either being snagged or cut off.